The purpose of this examination is to practice using SPSS to analyze the data. You should attempt each of the questions detailed on the following pages. You will need to have read through the provided materials in the class first to familiarize yourself with its contents and revise the various statistical procedures covered.
There are a number of parts to this exercise.
· In Part A, you are asked to create your own data file and to perform analyses on this data file.
· In Part B, you will be asked to interpret some output generated by SPSS.
· In Part C, you will be using the data file attached in mid-term dropbox. Full details of this data file is also included in the dropbox, and you should read through this section thoroughly before beginning. This is a real data file that is condensed from data collected by Postgraduate Diploma of Psychology students.
· In Part D, you will estimate sample size by using G*power.
The following rules apply for this assignment:
· If applicable, answer the question under three headings.
1. SPSS syntax
2. Necessary SPSS output
3. Interpretation and/or conclusion of your analysis
· Organize your work in a reasonably neat and coherent way. Work scattered all over the page without a clear ordering will receive very little credit.
· Only necessary output from the SPSS software should be in the submitted exam.
· You are required to work INDIVIDUALLY.
· Justification does not include hundreds of pages of computer output with hopes you covered all aspects. Justification is a well thought out and well-articulated rationale for what you do!
Do not JUST SUBMIT SPSS OUTPUTS or CODES
| Sample questionnaire
1. Sex ___ Male ___ Female 2. Age in years __________ 3. Education level (please indicate the highest level of schooling that you completed) _____ Year 10 _____ Year 12 ______ University or College 4. Are you currently on a diet to lose weight? ____ Yes ____ No Mastery Scale Please indicate how much you either agree or disagree with each of the following statements. Write a number from 1 to 4 on the line next to each statement.
strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 strongly agree 1. ______ I have little control over the things that happen to me 2. ______ I can do just about anything I really set my mind to 3. ______ There is really no way I can solve some of the problems I have 4. ______ There is little I can do to change many of the important things in my life 5. ______ What happens to me in the future mostly depends on me 6. ______ I often feel helpless in dealing with the problems of life 7. ______ Sometimes I feel that I’m being pushed around in life |
1. Prepare a codebook for this questionnaire, detailing each of the variable names and codes to be used to prepare the data for entry into SPSS . (3 points) 2. Using the codebook you developed, describe how you would create value labels for Question 3 (Education level). Describe the steps you would use in SPSS. (3 points)
3. Using SPSS, create a new data file for this questionnaire. Enter some pretend data in this data file (for at least five cases). (3 points) 4. It is important to check your data set for errors before conducting your major analyses.
(a) Describe how you would go about doing this using SPSS. In particular, how would you identify cases that had values that did not fall in the range of possible values for a particular variable? (3 points)
(b) Perform a check for errors on your pretend data file. Correct any errors you find.
(3 points)
5. Using your pretend data file, calculate total scale scores for the Mastery scale used in the questionnaire (make sure you reverse the negatively worded items first). High scores on the Mastery scale should represent high levels of mastery. Report the mean and standard deviation for the Mastery scale. (3 points)
6. Create a new variable by recoding the responses to Question 3 (education level) so that there are only two groups (Yr 10 and Yr 12 = 0; University/College = 1). (3 points)
7. Create a new age group variable (agegp4) that breaks the sample into 4 groups:
18-25yrs = 1, 26-45yrs =2, 46-60yrs = 3, 61yrs and above = 4. Remember to attach value labels to describe what each value in the new variable represents. (6 points)
Part B
1. A market researcher is interested in the coffee drinking habits of males and females. He asks a sample of male and female office workers to record the number of cups of coffee they consume during a week.
(a) Which statistical technique could the researcher use to determine if males and females differ in terms of the number of cups of coffee consumed in a week? Explain why you have chosen this technique. (6 points)
(b) What assumptions should you check for when using the technique that you chose in question 2(a) above. (3 points)
2. The following output was obtained using SPSS.
| Coefficientsa | ||||||
| Model | Unstandardized Coefficients | Standardized Coefficients | t | Sig. | ||
| B | Std. Error | Beta | ||||
| 1 | (Constant) | -11.823 | 8.806 | -1.343 | .198 | |
| hours spent revising | .551 | .171 | .456 | 3.226 | .005 | |
| anxiety | .104 | .058 | .179 | 1.796 | .091 | |
| A-level entry points | 1.989 | .469 | .581 | 4.239 | .001 | |
| a. Dependent Variable: exam score |
(a) Which parametric statistical technique was used to obtain this output? (3 points)
(b) What research question/s could be addressed using this output? (3 points)
(c) Interpret this output in terms of the research question/s you gave in question 3(b), above. (3 points)
3. A researcher is interested in assessing the impact of a number of changes in a public health department on the job satisfaction of employees. Before the changes are implemented the researcher distributes a questionnaire to a sample of employees, which measures their attitudes to their work and their overall job satisfaction. The same questionnaire is distributed to the same group of employees one month after the workplace changes were implemented and again three months later.
(a) Which parametric statistical technique could the researcher use to see if workers’ job satisfaction levels had changed across the three time periods measured? Briefly justify your answer. (3 points)
(b) What non-parametric technique (if any) could be used to explore this question? (3 points)
Part C
In this part, you will need to open the data file that accompanies in dropbox folder , survey.sav. Details of the questionnaire, the scales used, and the codebook are provided in dropbox.
1. Using the survey.sav data file, report the descriptive statistics for gender, age, marital status, and education level. Write up the results of these descriptive statistics as they would appear in the Method section of a research article. (6 points)
2. ( Bonus Question) It is essential to check the reliability of scales used in your study. Check the Cronbach alpha values for the following scales: ( 4 points)
(a) Mastery scale
(b) Life Satisfaction scale
(c) Perceived Control of Internal States scale
(d) Perceived Stress scale
3. A researcher is interested in exploring the possibility of gender differences in levels of perceived stress (total score) controlling for age (in years as continuous).
(a) Perform the appropriate statistical analysis to address this question. Be sure to check that you have not violated any assumptions. (3 points)
(b) Report the conclusions (Â 6 points)
4. The same researcher is interested in exploring the relationship between perceived control (tpcoiss) and life satisfaction. She suspects that higher levels of perceived control would be associated with greater life satisfaction.
(a) Perform whatever analyses you feel are appropriate to address this question (including assumption testing if applicable). (3 points)
(b) Describe the analyses you performed and report on these analyses and the results, as you would in a research report. (3 points)
5. A researcher is interested in exploring the effect of sex and age group (age as categorical variable) on Life Satisfaction scores.
(a) Using the sex and agegp3 variables, perform the appropriate analyses to address this question. For this particular question, it is not necessary to show assumption testing. (3 points)
(b) Report the conclusions (Â 6 points)
Part D
Using G power, estimate the sample size for following scenario.
A community health worker wants to compare two intervention, A and B, for reduction of stress due to COVID pandemic. He hypothesizes that intervention A (Group 1) will be better than intervention B (Group 2), in terms of overall stress reduction. He plans to get a match paired sample of participants from his community and randomly assign them to one of the two interventions. He decides to do matching based on demographic variables. At the end of the experiment, which lasts 2 weeks, a total PSS (total perceived stress score) will be estimated on each participant. He also expects that the average difference in total perceived stress score between the two groups will be about 5 points. Furthermore, she also assumes the standard deviation of total stress score for intervention A to be 5 and the standard deviation for intervention B to be 8. The community health worker wants to know the number of subjects needed in each group and total sample size assuming equal sized groups with 95% power. (Hint: Use G power to estimate the total sample size. Also assume the correlation between groups to be 0.5). You may attached screenshot from G*Power to receive a partial credit for this question ( 6 points)
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
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Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!! 
The purpose of this examination is to practice using SPSS to analyze the data. You should attempt each of the questions detailed on the following pages. You will need to have read through the provided materials in the class first to familiarize yourself with its contents and revise the various statistical procedures covered.
There are a number of parts to this exercise.
· In Part A, you are asked to create your own data file and to perform analyses on this data file.
· In Part B, you will be asked to interpret some output generated by SPSS.
· In Part C, you will be using the data file attached in mid-term dropbox. Full details of this data file is also included in the dropbox, and you should read through this section thoroughly before beginning. This is a real data file that is condensed from data collected by Postgraduate Diploma of Psychology students.
· In Part D, you will estimate sample size by using G*power.
The following rules apply for this assignment:
· If applicable, answer the question under three headings.
1. SPSS syntax
2. Necessary SPSS output
3. Interpretation and/or conclusion of your analysis
· Organize your work in a reasonably neat and coherent way. Work scattered all over the page without a clear ordering will receive very little credit.
· Only necessary output from the SPSS software should be in the submitted exam.
· You are required to work INDIVIDUALLY.
· Justification does not include hundreds of pages of computer output with hopes you covered all aspects. Justification is a well thought out and well-articulated rationale for what you do!
Do not JUST SUBMIT SPSS OUTPUTS or CODES
| Sample questionnaire
1. Sex ___ Male ___ Female 2. Age in years __________ 3. Education level (please indicate the highest level of schooling that you completed) _____ Year 10 _____ Year 12 ______ University or College 4. Are you currently on a diet to lose weight? ____ Yes ____ No Mastery Scale Please indicate how much you either agree or disagree with each of the following statements. Write a number from 1 to 4 on the line next to each statement.
strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 strongly agree 1. ______ I have little control over the things that happen to me 2. ______ I can do just about anything I really set my mind to 3. ______ There is really no way I can solve some of the problems I have 4. ______ There is little I can do to change many of the important things in my life 5. ______ What happens to me in the future mostly depends on me 6. ______ I often feel helpless in dealing with the problems of life 7. ______ Sometimes I feel that I’m being pushed around in life |
1. Prepare a codebook for this questionnaire, detailing each of the variable names and codes to be used to prepare the data for entry into SPSS . (3 points) 2. Using the codebook you developed, describe how you would create value labels for Question 3 (Education level). Describe the steps you would use in SPSS. (3 points)
3. Using SPSS, create a new data file for this questionnaire. Enter some pretend data in this data file (for at least five cases). (3 points) 4. It is important to check your data set for errors before conducting your major analyses.
(a) Describe how you would go about doing this using SPSS. In particular, how would you identify cases that had values that did not fall in the range of possible values for a particular variable? (3 points)
(b) Perform a check for errors on your pretend data file. Correct any errors you find.
(3 points)
5. Using your pretend data file, calculate total scale scores for the Mastery scale used in the questionnaire (make sure you reverse the negatively worded items first). High scores on the Mastery scale should represent high levels of mastery. Report the mean and standard deviation for the Mastery scale. (3 points)
6. Create a new variable by recoding the responses to Question 3 (education level) so that there are only two groups (Yr 10 and Yr 12 = 0; University/College = 1). (3 points)
7. Create a new age group variable (agegp4) that breaks the sample into 4 groups:
18-25yrs = 1, 26-45yrs =2, 46-60yrs = 3, 61yrs and above = 4. Remember to attach value labels to describe what each value in the new variable represents. (6 points)
Part B
1. A market researcher is interested in the coffee drinking habits of males and females. He asks a sample of male and female office workers to record the number of cups of coffee they consume during a week.
(a) Which statistical technique could the researcher use to determine if males and females differ in terms of the number of cups of coffee consumed in a week? Explain why you have chosen this technique. (6 points)
(b) What assumptions should you check for when using the technique that you chose in question 2(a) above. (3 points)
2. The following output was obtained using SPSS.
| Coefficientsa | ||||||
| Model | Unstandardized Coefficients | Standardized Coefficients | t | Sig. | ||
| B | Std. Error | Beta | ||||
| 1 | (Constant) | -11.823 | 8.806 | -1.343 | .198 | |
| hours spent revising | .551 | .171 | .456 | 3.226 | .005 | |
| anxiety | .104 | .058 | .179 | 1.796 | .091 | |
| A-level entry points | 1.989 | .469 | .581 | 4.239 | .001 | |
| a. Dependent Variable: exam score |
(a) Which parametric statistical technique was used to obtain this output? (3 points)
(b) What research question/s could be addressed using this output? (3 points)
(c) Interpret this output in terms of the research question/s you gave in question 3(b), above. (3 points)
3. A researcher is interested in assessing the impact of a number of changes in a public health department on the job satisfaction of employees. Before the changes are implemented the researcher distributes a questionnaire to a sample of employees, which measures their attitudes to their work and their overall job satisfaction. The same questionnaire is distributed to the same group of employees one month after the workplace changes were implemented and again three months later.
(a) Which parametric statistical technique could the researcher use to see if workers’ job satisfaction levels had changed across the three time periods measured? Briefly justify your answer. (3 points)
(b) What non-parametric technique (if any) could be used to explore this question? (3 points)
Part C
In this part, you will need to open the data file that accompanies in dropbox folder , survey.sav. Details of the questionnaire, the scales used, and the codebook are provided in dropbox.
1. Using the survey.sav data file, report the descriptive statistics for gender, age, marital status, and education level. Write up the results of these descriptive statistics as they would appear in the Method section of a research article. (6 points)
2. ( Bonus Question) It is essential to check the reliability of scales used in your study. Check the Cronbach alpha values for the following scales: ( 4 points)
(a) Mastery scale
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
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